Which of these actions requires the organisation and arrangement of information or elements?

The action that requires the organisation and arrangement of information or elements is structure. Structuring involves organizing ideas, data, or components in a logical, coherent manner. This could include creating outlines, arranging information hierarchically, or developing frameworks that help to present thoughts clearly and effectively. It emphasizes clarity and coherence in conveying the intended message or understanding, making it easier for the audience to follow the logic of the content being presented.

Summarising, on the other hand, focuses on distilling key points from larger bodies of text, but doesn't inherently involve the arrangement of those points. Solving typically pertains to finding answers or solutions to problems, which can involve organization but is more focused on resolution rather than arrangement. Synthesising combines different elements to form a coherent whole, but it prioritizes the integration of those elements over the arrangement aspect. Hence, structuring stands out as the action primarily concerned with organisation and arrangement.