Which of the following refers to making a judgment about the significance of something?

The term that refers to making a judgment about the significance of something is "appraise." To appraise means to assess the value, importance, or quality of an item, event, or concept. This involves forming an opinion based on careful evaluation, which is a critical component in many academic and real-world contexts, particularly when analyzing the efficacy or credibility of information, situations, or experiences.

In contrast, the other terms serve different functions. "Clarify" involves making something easier to understand or free from ambiguity. "Analyse" refers to breaking down information into parts to understand it better and examine its components. "Apply" means putting knowledge or skills into practice in a particular context. Each of these terms plays a unique role in cognitive processes, but appraising specifically focuses on evaluating significance.